Performance Based Evaluation of Borrow Pit Soils for Pavement Engineering Applications: A Case Study of Argungu

Baiti A. B., Nurudeen Y,, Jibreel E. I.

Abstract


This study assessed the geotechnical properties of soils from three borrow pits in Argungu Environs—Gwazange, Tiggi, and Felandé to determine their suitability for highway construction. Soil samples were collected and subjected to laboratory tests including natural moisture content, sieve analysis, Atterberg limits, compaction, and California Bearing Ratio (CBR) in accordance with BS 1377 standards. Results showed that natural moisture contents ranged from 1.35% to 6.68%, indicating generally stable soils. Sieve analysis classified Tiggi and Felandé soils as well-graded, while Gwazange contained both well- and poorly graded samples. Atterberg limits identified the soils as low-plasticity clays and silts (CL/ML), suitable for subgrade applications. Compaction tests gave Maximum Dry Density (MDD) values between 1.89–2.08 g/cm³ and Optimum Moisture Content (OMC) of 8–15%, with Felandé soils performing best. CBR values are within AASHTO and Nigerian Highway standards, confirming good bearing capacities. Overall, Felandé borrow pit was found most suitable for road construction, Tiggi soils were adequate with proper compaction, while Gwazange required stabilization or moisture control. The study provides valuable data for engineers and contractors in selecting borrow materials for sustainable and durable road projects in Argungu and similar environments. 


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References


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