Impact of Biology Competitions on Student Motivation and Academic Performance in Public Schools in Kaduna State, Nigeria

Aliyu Shehu Usman, Areo Oluwagbemiga

Abstract


This study, titled “Impact of Biology Competitions on Student Motivation and Academic Performance in Public Schools in Kaduna State, Nigeria,” examined how participation in biology competitions influences students’ enthusiasm and academic achievement. A mixed methods design was employed, integrating quantitative analysis of performance data with qualitative interviews and surveys. The population comprised 16,999 SS3 students, 716 biology teachers, and 368 administrators across Kaduna State’s 23 Local Government Areas. A total sample of 86 respondents, including 80 students, four teachers, and two administrators, was selected using mixed and purposive sampling techniques. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent sample t tests, and thematic analysis. Findings revealed that students who participated in biology competitions (M = 37.85, SD = 5.12) significantly outperformed non-participants (M = 31.40, SD = 4.76); t (78) = 5.79, p < .001, indicating a strong positive effect on motivation and academic performance. The study inferred that competitions foster intrinsic motivation, confidence, and deeper learning engagement. It is therefore recommended that schools institutionalize biology competitions as integral components of academic programs to enhance students’ performance and sustained interest in STEM education. 


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