Biomass Supply Chain Logistics and Economic Viability for Sustainable Bioenergy Development in Bauchi State, Nigeria

SANI Ali Abba, MOHAMMED Jibril, RAPHAEL Shadai Oguike

Abstract


Biomass resources represent an important renewable energy option for enhancing energy security and promoting sustainable rural development in Nigeria; however, inefficient supply chain logistics, inadequate storage infrastructure, and unstable market systems continue to limit their effective utilization. This study assessed the logistics and economic viability of biomass supply chains for sustainable bioenergy development in selected Local Government Areas of Bauchi State, Nigeria, using a mixed-methods research design involving 1,144 biomass stakeholders surveyed through questionnaires, key informant interviews, focus group discussions, and field observations. The results revealed substantial biomass availability of approximately 1,240–1,542 tonnes annually, with sawdust (350–420 tonnes) and rice husks (320–360 tonnes) constituting the dominant feedstocks. Transportation costs varied significantly across locations, ranging from ₦87.57/km in Misau to ₦1,570.53/km in Jama'are, while hidden operational costs ranged between ₦120 and ₦270 per 100 kg bag, reducing overall profitability. Furthermore, biomass trading in Jama'are recorded a 24.84% negative price gap, indicating economic unsustainability, whereas seasonal fluctuations and inadequate storage facilities contributed to supply instability and post-harvest losses. The study concludes that although Bauchi State possesses considerable biomass resources capable of supporting renewable energy development, improving transportation infrastructure, storage facilities, market coordination, and policy support is essential for developing an efficient and economically viable biomass supply chain.


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