Assessment of the Effects of Gosa Dumpsite on Soil, Water, and Air Quality in Abuja Municipal Area Council, Nigeria

OJEN Kenneth Okpa, MOHAMMED Jibril, MUHMOUD A. A.

Abstract


Open dumpsites remain a major environmental challenge in developing nations. This study assessed physicochemical properties, heavy metal concentrations, and ambient air pollutants around the Gosa dumpsite in Abuja, Nigeria. Soil samples (n=9 + control) were analyzed for texture, organic carbon, cation exchange capacity, and heavy metals (Zn, Cu, Mn, Pb). Water samples (n=3) were tested for major ions, pH, conductivity, and organic load indices. Air pollutants (PM₂.₅, PM₁₀, CO, H₂S, VOCs) were quantified. Results revealed sandy loam soils with low organic carbon (0.2–0.3%) and moderate cation exchange capacity (12–13 cmol/kg). Heavy metals occurred at low–moderate levels, while water samples showed significant contamination exceeding WHO/NESREA limits. Air quality was degraded, with NH₃, SO₂, NO₂, PM₂.₅, and PM₁₀ surpassing permissible thresholds. Findings highlight risks of groundwater pollution, reduced agricultural productivity, and public health hazards. Proper waste management, groundwater protection, and soil fertility restoration are recommended. 


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References


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